input/output

DC voltage input

12

V

Power consumption

45

W

Convert module parameters

ADCSample Rate(maximum)

200

MS/s

ADCresolution

14

bits

DACSample Rate

800

MS/s

DACresolution

16

bits

Maximum speed with the host(16b)

200

MS/s

Local oscillator accuracy

2.5

ppm

unlockedGPSDOaccuracy

20

ppb

1

JTAG

USB-B

FPGADebug Interface

2

RF A

SMA

RF signal transmission and reception

3

RF B

SMA

RF signal transmission and reception

4

AUX I/O

D-SUB

12bit GPIO

5

1G/10G ETH

SFP+

Transmission Ethernet orAuroradata

6

REF OUT

Technical Solution for the All Access Wireless Electromagnetic Environment Simulator Platform

1．Background and significance

In future modern warfare, electronic warfare, especially the electronic warfare capabilities of communication and radar, will play a crucial role in strategic attack and defense. Building a battlefield electromagnetic environment simulator is of great significance for improving future electronic countermeasures capabilities, including the following three aspects:

Figure1 Schematic diagram of complex electromagnetic environment on the battlefield

1）Provide a performance evaluation and rapid verification platform for the research of key technology algorithms for electromagnetic environment perception learning

Communication or combat equipment in complex electromagnetic environments require environmental perception to obtain spectrum state information, synthesize the current spectrum utilization state spectrum, and extract channel and interference characteristics through learning and reasoning. In recent years, the use of machine learning methods such as deep neural networks has become an important means of spectrum sensing and extracting information about the perceived electromagnetic environment. However, there is currently no effective means to quickly verify the effectiveness and reliability of key technology algorithms in various complex real-world environments. To achieve this goal, a battlefield electromagnetic environment simulator is planned to be constructed, providing real-time wireless channel simulation of complex scenarios and providing a performance evaluation and rapid verification platform for the research of key technology algorithms for electromagnetic environment perception and learning.

2） Provide a validation and evaluation platform for self-organizing communication technology research in battlefield environments

existComplex electromagnetic environmentReal time environment adaptation based on electromagnetic environment/Self organized communication provides support for local communication targets such as electronic reconnaissance and combat coordination, and is of great significance for obtaining information rights. Currently, self-organization for complex environments/Adaptive communication technology revolves around the establishment of self-organizing links, frequency selection, link adaptation, anti-interference communication, and other goals, but its verification methods mainly rely on computer simulation or ideal environments. Building a battlefield electromagnetic environment simulator can provide a complex battlefield oriented electromagnetic simulation environment for the research of self-organizing communication technology, enabling more effective technical verification and evaluation.

3）Provide a simulation exercise platform for electronic countermeasures in actual battlefield environments

To meet the needs of adapting to complex adversarial environments, military communication needs to have functions such as sensing environmental states, learning adversarial strategies, and reconstructing communication parameters. Taking multi branch joint operations as an example, the interaction of various information such as text, voice, image, video, etc. between air force aircraft, navy ships, islands, rocket force missiles and other combat platform elements requires wireless transmission, while facing severe threats such as enemy interference, attacks, and eavesdropping. Obtaining spectrum state information through environmental perception, learning and reasoning to identify features and patterns of enemy interference, and intelligently reconstructing communication parameters by combining the results of perception and learning to achieve agile avoidance of interference, proactive defense, and adaptive robust communication. Building a battlefield electromagnetic environment simulator can provide a simulation exercise platform for electronic warfare.

2． Main tasks and functions

2.1 Main tasks

Battlefield electromagnetic environment simulator, connected to multiple wireless devices, providing64The transceiver channel can provide real-time simulation of complex wireless channel environments on the battlefield. Its main tasks and functions are shown in the figure2As shown. Specifically, it includes the following parts: visualization of electromagnetic environment configuration, RF and modulus/Digital to analog conversion section, fully connected digital baseband channel section.

2.2 RF and modulus/Digital to analog conversion section

RF and modulus/The digital to analog conversion part connects the RF part with the fully connected digital baseband channel, and performs basic configuration through visualized electromagnetic environment configuration and display interface. At the input end of the simulator, RF signals from wireless devices are received, down converted and analog-to-digital converted, and then processed by digital intermediate frequency to obtain digital baseband signals, which are then input into the fully connected digital baseband channel section. After passing through the fully connected digital baseband channel, the digital baseband signal undergoes digital intermediate frequency processing, digital to analog conversion, and up conversion to output an RF signal, which is then sent to wireless devices.

2.3 Fully connected digital channel section

Based on visualized electromagnetic environment configuration and display interface configuration parameters, realize multi input multi output fully connected digital channel simulation, that is, each input signal goes through independent or related channels to reach each output port. Each input to output channel can be independently configured and achieve channel characteristics such as multipath fading, propagation delay, Doppler frequency shift, etc.

2.4 Visualization of Electromagnetic Environment Configuration and Display Interface

This section includes the following functions:

1) Configure the number of wireless device connections, the operating frequency and bandwidth of the simulator, and the number of channels occupied by each wireless device.

2) Visualize channel environment configuration, configure wireless channel scenarios, and include real-time display of each user's location information and motion information. Generate multipath channel coefficients in real-time based on this information and send them to the fully connected digital channel section.

3) Display the real-time spectrum of all channels and the given receiving channel.

3． System hardware composition and description

3.1 Overview of Equipment Composition

The hardware composition of the all-in-one wireless electromagnetic environment simulator platform is shown in the following figure3As shown:

RF and modulus/The digital to analog conversion part is composed ofUSRP X310+ UBXComposed of daughter boards. Used for accessing user RF devices and implementingA/D、D/AConversion, digital up/down conversion, and communication with the data stream network.

The fully connected digital channel section consists of four high-speed digital signal processing units. The device implements the transmission of baseband data and matrix operations for channel simulation. Such as data interaction with the RF signal processing section andFPGAData exchange between them.

The configuration and display interface of the visualized electromagnetic environment is composed of a high-performance computerX86twoCPUServer composition. Implement monitoring of various parts of the system and transmission of battlefield scene parameters.

The clock distribution network consists of clock allocators. generate10MHzClock andPPSSignal, implementationX310Synchronize with the clock of the high-speed digital signal processing board.

The system network communication consists of a gigabit switch.

Implement server monitoring of various components, data transmission, and data communication between components.

As shown in the picture3.1As shown,32towerUSRP、4A channel simulator is composed of high-speed digital signal processing units and servers,32individualUSRPUsed for user access channel simulator, both throughSMAConnect the cable directly. A server used for controlUSRPAnd is responsible for storing and transmitting filter coefficients to the high-speed digital signal processing unit. The communication interface between devices is10GEEthernet, usingUDPProtocol, configure one10GESwitches enable mutual communication.

The working process involves the user transmitting RF data throughSMACable transmission to the simulatorUSRPAnd then it wasUSRPThe restored baseband signal is transmitted to the high-speed digital signal processing unit and undergoes64x64 FIRAfter the filter matrix operation, the data is processed by the same machine againUSRPReceived back and transmitted via RFSMAInterface transmission back to the user.

3.2 Hardware composition

3.2.1 USRP X310describe

USRP X310As the core component of intermediate frequency signal processing, it is responsible for receiving the baseband signal from the beamforming section, up converting the baseband signal into an RF signal, and sending it out; The second is to receive RF signals and down convert them into baseband signals, which are then transmitted to the back-end beamforming section.

outside1 USRP X310Main parameter description

The device is mainly composed of a baseband motherboard and an RF motherboard. The baseband motherboard adoptsXilinx KintexseriesFPGA, andDDR3、Flash、JTAGClock and reference clockPPSComposition of signal input and output. The RF sub board is composed ofUBXDaughter board implementation2x2Modes, includingAD/DAComposed of RF front-end circuits, etc.UBXThe working frequency of the sub board is10M-6GHzThe two channels are the highest160MHzBandwidth. In this system

FlashThere areFPGA bitFile, after power onbitAutomatically loaded intoFPGAIn the middle,FPGACapable of receiving and transmittingSFP+Data andAD/DAData functionality. The upper computer software passes throughSFP+Interface ConfigurationFPGAThe relevant parameters enableFPGACan transmit and receive RF signals with specific sampling rates and frequencies, and anotherSFP+Interface for sending and receivingIQSignal. The upper computer software requires the installation of specific drivers and application software to achieve software side operations.

Table2 X310Interface Description